Class 10 Science Metals & Non-metals (Solved Assignment-02)

Question 21:
Which metal foil is used for packing some of the medicine tablets ?
Solution :
Aluminium foil.

Question 22:
Name the non-metal which is used :
(a) to convert vegetable oil into vegetable ghee(solid fat).
(b) as a rocket fuel (in liquid form).
(c) to make electrodes of dry cells.
(d) to preserve food materials.
(e) in the vulcanisation of rubber.
Solution :
(a) Hydrogen.
(b) Hydrogen.
(c) Carbon.
(d) Nitrogen.
(e) Sulphur.

Question 23:
Name one property which is characteristic of (a) metals, and (b) non-metals.
Solution :
(a) Metals are malleable.
(b) Non-metals are non-malleable.

Question 24:
What is meant by “brittleness” ? Which type of elements usually show brittleness : metals or non-metals ?
Solution :
Brittleness is the property of being brittle i.e. breaking easily.
Non-metals show brittleness.

Question 25:
What will happen if a strip of zinc is immersed in a solution of copper sulphate ?
Solution :
When a strip of zinc metal is put in copper sulphate solution, then the blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades gradually and red brown coating of copper is deposited on zinc strip.

Question 26:
What will happen if a strip of copper is kept immersed in a solution of silver nitrate (AgN0₃) ?
Solution :
When a strip of copper metal is immersed in silver nitrate solution, the solution gradually becomes blue and a shining greyish-white deposit of silver metal is formed on copper strip.

Question 27:
What happens when iron nails are put into copper sulphate solution ?
Solution :
When iron nails are placed in copper sulphate solution, the blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades gradually and red-brown copper metal is formed.

Question 28:
How would you show that silver is chemically less reactive than copper ?
Solution :
If a strip of silver metal is kept immersed in copper sulphate solution for some time, then no reaction occurs. This shows that silver is not able to displace copper from copper sulphate solution.

Question 29:
Give reasons for the following :
Blue colour of copper sulphate solution is destroyed when iron filings are added to it.
Solution :
Blue color of copper sulphate is destroyed because iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution as iron is more reactive than copper.

Question 30:
Name a non-metal having a very high melting point.
Solution :
Diamond.

Question 31:
Which property of graphite is utilised in making electrodes ?
Solution :
Since graphite is a good conductor of electricity, it is used in making electrodes.

Question 32:
Name two non-metals which are both brittle and non-ductile.
Solution :
Sulphur and phosphorus.

Question 33:
Explain why, the surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time.
Solution :
The surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time because metals form a thin layer of oxides, carbonates or sulphide on their surface by the slow action of various gases present in air.

Question 34:
Complete and balance the following equations :

Solution :

Question 35:
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :
(a) Magnesium liberates………………… gas on reacting with hot boiling water.
(b) The white powder formed when magnesium ribbon burns in oxygen is of………………………………..
(c) Ordinary aluminium strips are not attacked by water because of the presence of a layer of………………………………… on the surface of aluminium.
(d) A metal having low melting point is……………………. but a non-metal having very high melting point is………………………
(e) Calcium is a…………….. reactive metal than sodium.
Solution :
(a)Hydrogen.
(b) Magnesium oxide.
(c) Aluminium oxide.
(d) Sodium; Diamond.
(e) Less.

Question 36:
(a) What is meant by saying that the metals are malleable and ductile ? Explain with examples.
(b) Name two metals which are both malleable and ductile.
(c) Which property of iron metal is utilised in producing iron sheets required for making buckets ?
(d) Which property of copper metal is utilised in making thin wires ?
Solution :
(a) Metals are malleable i.e. they can be beaten into thin sheets with a hammer.
Example: Aluminium.
Metals are ductile i.e. they can be drawn into thin wires.
Example: Copper.
(b) Aluminium and copper.
(c) Malleability.
(d) Ductility.

Question 37:
Name two metals which react violently with cold water. Write any three observations you would make when such a metal is dropped into water. How would you identify the gas evolved, if any, during the reaction ?
Solution :
Sodium and potassium metals react violently with cold water.
Observations:
1. Metal starts moving over the surface of water making a hissing sound.
2. Metal starts reacting with water causing little explosions.
3. Soon the metal catches fire and starts burning.

Question 38:
(a) With the help of examples, describe how metal oxides differ from non-metal oxides.
(b) Which of the following elements would yield : (i) an acidic oxide, (ii) a basic oxide, and (iii) a neutral oxide ?
Na, S, C, K, H
Solution :
(a)M etal oxides are basic in nature and turn red litmus blue. For example: Magnesium oxide.
Non-metal oxides are acidic or neutral in nature. The acidic oxides turn blue litmus red. For example: Carbon dioxide.
(b) (i) Acidic oxide: S, C
(ii) Basic oxide: Na, K
(iii) Neutral oxide: H

Question 39:
(a) What are amphoteric oxides ? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.
(b) Choose the acidic oxides, basic oxides and neutral oxides from the following :
Na₂O ; CO₂ ; CO ; SO₂; MgO ; N₂O ; H₂O.
(c) Which of the following are amphoteric oxides :
MgO, ZnO, P₂O₃, Al₂O₃, NO₂
Solution :
(a) Those metal oxides which show basic as well as acidic behavior are known as amphoteric oxides.
Example: Aluminium oxide and zinc oxide.
(b) Acidic oxide – CO₂ , CO, SO₂ and N₂O ; Basic oxide – Na₂O , MgO; Neutral oxide – H₂O .
(c) ZnO, Al₂O₃ .

Question 40:
(a) What is the nature of the oxide SO₂ ? What happens when it is dissolved in water ? Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved.
(b) What is the nature of the oxide Na₂O ? What happens when it is dissolved in water ? Write the chemical equation of the reaction inolved.
Solution :
(a) SO₂ is acidic in nature. When dissolved in water, it produces sulphurous acid.