Q.1. Which of the following processes are involved in the reproduction of protista?
(a) Binary fission and fragmentation
(b) Cell fusion and zygote formation
(c) Spore formation and fragmentation
(d) Budding and spore formation
Answer
(b)Q.2. In prokaryotes, the genetic material is
(a) linear DNA with histones
(b) circular DNA with histones
(c) linear DNA without histones
(d) circular DNA without histones
Answer
(d)Q.3. Which of the following bacteria carry out oxygenic photosynthesis by means of a photosynthetic apparatus similar to the eukaryotes?
(a) Purple sulphur bacteria
(b) Green sulphur bacteria
(c) Cyanobacteria
(d) More than one option is correct
Answer
(c) Cyanobacteria, chlorophyll a, PS I and II.Q.4. Bacteria is a group of prokaryotic organisms which is characterised by
(a) 70 S ribosomes
(b) Peptidoglycan cell wall
(c) Simple structure and complex behaviour
(d) All of the above.
Answer
(d)Q.5. What may be a ‘photosynthetic protistian’ to one biologist may be ‘a plant’ to another? Which of the given below features of slime moulds shows linkage with plant?
(a) Presence of holozoic nutrition
(b) Presence of diverse sexual reproduction
(c) Slime moulds have cellulosic spore wall
(d) Formation of fruiting bodies
Answer
(c) Vegetative phase-animal-like and reproductive phase- plantlike.Q.6. Choose the correct match
(a) Gonyaulax – Red sea
(b) Euglena – Chlorophyll a & c
(c) Desmids – Chrysophytes
(d) Gymnodinium – Hemicellulosic plates in wall
Answer
(c) Desmids i.e golden algae belongs to group chrysophytes. These are found in freshwater as well as marine environment.Q.7. Nuclear dimorphism is shown by
(a) Paramecium
(b) Amoeba
(c) Plasmodium
(d) Trypanosoma
Answer
(a)Q.8. Most common type of genetic material present in bacteriophages is
(a) ds RNA
(b) ss RNA
(c) ds DNA
(d) ss DNA
Answer
(c) T2 phage consists of linear ds DNA.Q.9. Which of the following statement about Mycoplasma is true:
(a) They are smallest, disease causing thin walled organisms
(b) They differ from viruses in being cellular in organisation
(c) Insensitive to several antibiotics as they have 70S ribosomes
(d) They can survive without photosynthetic pigments and genetic material
Answer
(b) Cell wall is absent in MycoplasmaQ.10. Consider the following characters:
Non-motile spores, saprophytic unicellular eukaryotes, transfer of gametes by wind currents, Differentiation of plasmodium under suitable conditions.
How many of the characters given in box belong to slime moulds?
(a) Four
(b) One
(c) Three
(d) Two
Answer
(d) Non-motile spores, saprophytic protistsQ.11. Eubacteria can be differentiated from archaebacteria on the basis of
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Gene of tRNA
(c) Cell wall
(d) Nutrition
Answer
(c) Eubacteria can be differentiated from archaebacteria and bacteria on the basis of cell wall. Eubacteria possess true cell wall, made up of NAM and NAG i.e. Nacetyl muramic acid and N-acetyl glucoseamine. Cell wall of archaebacteria is made up of N-acetyl talosaminuric acid.Q.12. Select the pair that consists of plant or animal bacterial diseases.
(a) Cholera and typhoid
(b) Citrus canker and crown gall
(c) Malaria and dengue
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer
(d) Pathogen of cholera is Vibrio cholerae bacterium. Cholera is transmitted by contaminated water. Typhoid or enteric fever spreads through contaminated water in which bacterium Salmonella typhi is present. Citrus canker and crown gall are bacterial disease of plants caused by Xanthomonas citri and Agrobacterium tumefaciens respectively.Q.13. Cyanobacteria are classified under which of the following kingdoms?
(a) Monera
(b) Protista
(c) Algae
(d) Plantae
Answer
(a) Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae are Gram + photosynthetic prokaryotes which perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Photosynthetic pigments include chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phycobilins. Cyanobacteria are classified under kingdom Monera. Cyanobacterial cell structure is typically prokaryotic – one envelope organisation with peptidogolycan wall, naked DNA, 70S ribosomes and absence of membrane bound structure like endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, golgi bodies, plastids, lysosomes, sap vacuoles. The outer part of the protoplast, called chromoplasm, contains a number of photosynthetic thylakoids.Q.14. ____ are important decomposers that cause decay and decomposition of dead bodies of plants and animals.
(a) Saprotrophic bacteria
(b) Saprotrophic fungi
(c) Plants, like Sarracenia
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer
(d) Saprophytic bacteria are free living bacteria which obtain their food from organic remains, plant and animal origin. Aerobic breakdown of organic compounds is known as decay. In nature saprophytic bacteria alongwith saprotrophic fungi are the decomposers of organic remains.Q.15. Chrysophytes are
(a) planktons
(b) nektons
(c) benthic organisms
(d) rooted submerged.
Answer
(a) Diatoms are very important photosynthesizers. About half of all the organic matter synthesized in the world is believed to be produced by them. Diatoms are probably the most numerous of all plants like protists. Because of this abundance, they are one of the most important primary producers of the sea. There are about 5,500 species of diatoms, mainly marine. The diatoms constitute an important phytoplankton component of the oceans.Q.16. Eukaryotic, achlorophyllous and heterotrophic organisms are grouped under which of the following kingdoms?
(a) Monera
(b) Protista
(c) Fungi
(d) Plantae
Answer
(c) Fungi is a large kingdom of over 100,000 species. They are achlorophyllous, heterotrophic, spore-forming, non-vascular, eukaryotic organisms which often contain chitin or fungal cellulose in their walls and possess glycogen as food reserve. They are cosmopolitan in occurrence being present in air, water, soil, over and inside animals and plants.Q.17. Virion is
(a) nulceic acid of virus
(b) antiviral agent
(c) protein of virus
(d) completely assembled virus outside host.
Answer
(d) Virus is an obligate parasite and is inert outside the host cell. An inert virus outside host is called virion.Q.18. In the five-kingdom system of classification, which single kingdom out of the following can include blue, green algae, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and methanogenic archaebacteria?
(a) Fungi
(b) Plantae
(c) Protista
(d) Monera
Answer
(d) Monera is the kingdom of all prokaryotes and includes bacteria, blue green algae (cyanobacteria) and archae- bacteriaa group of ancient bacteria kingdom. Protista includes slime unicellular and colonial eukaryotes. The important members are diatoms, dinoflagellates, euglenoids, alone moulds and protozoans. Fungi the kingdom of multicellular or multinucleate heterophyllous and spore producing eukaryotic organisms like Rhizopus mildews, mushroom etc. Kingdom plantae includes all coloured multicellular photosynthetic organisms (plants).Q.19. Viruses that infect bacteria, multiply and cause their lysis, are called
(a) Lysozymes
(b) Lipolytic
(c) Lytic
(d) Lysogenic
Answer
(c) Viruses that get integrated with the bacterial host genome are called Lysogenic. Lysozymes are present in the saliva and are antibacterial agents. Lipolytic enzymes are the enzymes which catalyse breakdown (lysis) of fats (Lipids).Q.20. Phenetic classification of organisms is based on
(a) Observable characteristics of existing organisms
(b) The ancestral lineage of existing organisms
(c) Dendogram based on DNA characteristics
(d) Sexual characteristics
Answer
(a) Phenetic classification is purely based on appearances. Phylogenetic classifiaction is based on ancestral lineage. Karyotaxonomy is based on DNA characteristics. Morphotaxonomy involves morphological characters.Q.21. The practical purpose of classification of living organisms is to
(a) explain the origin of living organisms
(b) trace the evolution of living organisms
(c) name the living organisms
(d) facilitate identification of unknown organisms
Answer
(d) Biological classification is the scientific arrangement of organisms in a hierarchical series of groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities and differences in their traits. It helps in building evolutionary pathways and in identifying new organisms.Q.22. A system of classification in which a large number of traits are considered, is
(a) artificial system
(b) synthetic system
(c) natural system
(d) phylogenetic system
Answer
(c) Artificial system of classification is based on comparison of on or a few characters. Phylogenetic system of classification indicates the evolutionary or phylogenetic relationship of organisms.Q.23. In five kingdom system, the main basis of classification is
(a) structure of nucleus
(b) mode of nutrition
(c) structure of cell wall
(d) asexual reproduction
Answer
(b) The five kingdom classification is a mode of classification based on the following criteria.– Complexity of cell structure
– Complexity of body structure
– Modes of nutrition
– Ecological life styles
– Phylogenetic relationship
Q.24. Phenetic classification is based on
(a) Sexual characteristics
(b) The ancestral lineage of existing organisms
(c) Observable characteristics of existing organisms
(d) Dendograms based on DNA characteristics
Answer
(c) Phylogenetic system of classification is a system indicating the evolutionary or phylogenetic relationship of organisms.Q.25. In which kingdom would you classify the archaebecteria and nitrogen-fixing organisms. If the five-kingdom system of classification is used ?
(a) Monera
(b) Plantae
(c) Fungi
(d) Protista
Answer
(a) Bacteria are prokaryotes which are grouped under Monera. Protista is a kingdom of unicellular eukaryotes. Fungi is a kingdom of multicellular spore-producing eukaryotes. Plantae are photosynthetic eukaryotes.Q.26. Which of the following statements is not true for retroviruses?
(a) DNA is not present at any stage in the life cycle of retroviruses
(b) Retroviruses carry gene for RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
(c) The genetic material in mature retroviruses is RNA
(d) Retroviruses are causative agents for certain kinds of cancer in man
Answer
(a) Retroviruses have RNA as the genetic material and hence they exhibit reverse transcription whereby DNA is synthesized on RNA template. They have reverse transcriptase as the enzyme.Q.27. On how many criteria living organisms have been classified into five kingdoms ?
(a) Two
(b) Four
(c) Five
(d) Three
Answer
(b) Four criteria are : (i) complexity of cell, (ii) complexity of organism, (iii) mode of nutrition and (iv) major ecological roleQ.28. First true phylogenetic system of classification was given by
(a) Eichler
(b) Engler and Prantl
(c) de Jussiaeu
(d) de Candolle
Answer
(b) First phylogenetic classification was given by Eichler but that was partially phylogenetic and first true phylogenetic classification was given by Engler and Prantl.Q.29. Which of the following is not a protist ?
(a) Taenia
(b) Amoeba
(c) Paramecium
(d) Euglena
Answer
(a) Taenia, commonly known as tapewom is not a protist, it belongs to phylum Platyhelminthes (Kingdom Animalia)Q.30. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) Root knot disease – Meloidogyne javanica
(b) Smut of bajra – Tolysporium penicillariae
(c) Covered smut of barley – Ustilago nuda
(d) Late blight of potato – Phytophthora infestans
Answer
(c)Q.31. Which one of the following character was not used by R.H. Whittaker for biological classification ?
(a) Cell structure
(b) Physiological characters
(c) Thallus organisation
(d) Phylogenetic relationships
Answer
(b) Physiological charactersQ.32. The first organisms to appear on earth were
(a) photoautotrophs
(b) chemoautotrophs
(c) chemoheterotrophs
(d) heterotrophs
Answer
(c) During the origin of life, the first organisms evolved were chemoheterotrophs. They obtained the organic material from outside which they utilized in energy production and synthesis of their own organic material.Q.33. ‘Comma’ shaped bacteria are known as
(a) coccus
(b) spiral
(c) spirillum
(d) vibrio
Answer
(d) Bacteria posses various forms and shapes and are of 4 different types – coccus (round), bacillus (rod shaped), vibrio (comma shaped) and spirillum (spiral like cork screw).Q.34. Slime moulds in the division myxomycota (true slime moulds) have
(a) pseudoplasmodia.
(b) spores that develop into free living amoeboid cells.
(c) spores that develop into flagellated gametes.
(d) feeding stages consisting of solitary individual cells.
Answer
(c) Slime moulds in the division of myxomycota have spores that develop into flagellated gametes.Q.35. Which one of the following statements about Mycoplasma is wrong ?
(a) They are pleomorphic.
(b) They are sensitive to penicillin.
(c) They cause diseases in plants.
(d) They are also called (Pleuro pneumonia like organisms) PPLO.
Answer
(b) While working at the Rockefeller Institute, Brown reported isolation of a PPLO from human arthritic joint tissue in 1938. In discussing the significance of this observation, Brown reported successful treatment of arthritic patients in 1949 with a new antibiotic called aureomycin.Q.36. African sleeping sickness is due to
(a) Plasmodium vivax transmitted by Tse-tse fly
(b) Trypanosoma lewsii transmitted by Bed Bug
(c) Trypanosoma gambiense transmitted by Glossina palpalis
(d) Entamoeba gingivalis spread by Housefly
Answer
(c)Q.37. Which one single organism or the pair of organisms is correctly assigned to its taxonomic group?
(a) Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the same kingdom as that of Penicillium
(b) Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a protozoan
(c) Yeast used in making bread and beer is a fungus
(d) Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of protista
Answer
(c) Saccharomyces cervisiae is a yeast used in making bread (Baker’s yeast) and commercial production of ethanol. Paramecium & Plasmodium are of animal kingdom while Pencillium is a fungi. Lichen is composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a fungus. Nostoc & Anabaena are examples of kingdom monera.Q.38. Two animals which are the members of the same order must also be the members of the same :
(a) Class
(b) Family
(c) Genus
(d) Species
Answer
(a)Q.39. Bacteria lack alternation of generation because there is
(a) neither syngamy nor reduction division.
(b) distinct chromosomes are absent.
(c) no conjugation.
(d) no exchange of genetic material.
Answer
(a)Q.40. Capsid is
(a) genetic material of virus
(b) protein cover of virus
(c) extra genetic material of bacterium
(d) house keeping genome of bacterium
Answer
(b)Q.41. A group of fungi with septate mycelium in which sexual reproduction is either unknown or lacking are classified under
(a) phycomycetes
(b) deuteromycetes
(c) ascomycetes
(d) basidiomycetes
Answer
(b)Q.42. A few organisms are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100–105ºC. They belong to
(a) marine archaebacteria
(b) thermophilic sulphur bacteria
(c) blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)
(d) thermophilic, subaerial fungi
Answer
(a)Q.43. Mycoplasma is pleuromorphic due to
(a) absence of cell wall
(b) presence of three layered cell membrane
(c) the presence of sterol
(d) None of these
Answer
(a)Q.44. Refer to the given figures of bacteria cell and Nostoc and choose the option which shows correct label for the structures marked as A, B, C, D and E ?
(a) A – Cell wall, B – Cell membrane, C – Heterocyst, D – DNA, E – Mucilagenous sheath
(b) A – Cell wall, B – Cell membrane, C – DNA, D – Heterocyst, E – Mucilagenous sheath
(c) A – Mucilagenous sheath, B – Cell membrane, C – DNA, D – Heterocyst, E – Cell wall
(d) A – Cell membrane, B – Cell wall, C – DNA, D – Heterocyst, E – Mucilagenous sheath
Answer
(b) The correct labeling in the figures of bacterial cell and Nostoc are – A- cell wall, B – cell membranes, C – DNA, Dheterocysts, E – mucilaginous sheath.Q.45. Choose the correct names of the different bacteria given below according to their shapes.
(a) A – Cocci, B – Bacilli, C – Spirilla, D – Vibrio
(b) A – Bacilli, B – Cocci, C – Spirilla, D – Vibrio
(c) A – Spirilla, B – Bacilli, C – Cocci, D – Vibrio
(d) A – Spirilla, B – Vibrio, C – Cocci, D – Bacilli
Answer
(a) A – Cocci (spherical), B – Bacilli (rod shaped), C – Spirilla (spiral), D – Vibrio (comma shaped). These are all the shapes of the bacteria.Download our all new app for latest notes and useful assignments.
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