Here we are providing MCQ Questions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure. There questions are prepared by subject experts and are very useful for your exams. Practicing these questions will help you to score better marks in the exam.
MCQ Questions for Class 11 Chapter 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Q.1. In the formation of a molecule which of the following take part in chemical combination?
(a) cation
(b) anion
(c) valence electron
(d) inner shell electron
Answer
(c) In the formation of a molecule, only the outer shell electrons take part in chemical combination and they are known as valence electrons.Q.2. The outer orbitals of C in ethene molecule can be considered to be hybridized to give three equivalent sp² orbitals. The total number of sigma (s) and pi (p) bonds in ethene molecule is
(a) 1 sigma (s) and 2 pi (p) bonds
(b) 3 sigma (s) and 2 pi (p) bonds
(c) 4 sigma (s) and 1 pi (p) bonds
(d) 5 sigma (s) and 1 pi (p) bonds
Answer
(d) 5 sigma (s) and 1 pi (p) bondsExplanation:
According to valence bond theory, two atoms form a covalent bond through the overlap of individual half-filled valence atomic orbitals, each containing one unpaired electron. In ethene, each hydrogen atom has one unpaired electron and each carbon is sp² hybridized with one electron each sp² orbital. The fourth electron is in the p orbital that will form the pi bond. The bond order for ethene is simply the number of bonds between each atom: the carbon-carbon bond has a bond order of two, and each carbon-hydrogen bond has a bond order of one.
Q.3. In which of the following molecules octet rule is not followed?
(a) NH3
(b) CH4
(c) CO2
(d) NO
Answer
(d)Q.4. Among the following the electron deficient compound is
(a) BCl3
(b) CCl4
(c) PCl5
(d) BeCl2
Answer
(a) Boron in BCl3 has 6 electrons in outermost shell. Hence BCl3 is a electron deficient compound.Q.5. Which of the following is a linear molecule?
(a) ClO2
(b) CO2
(c) NO2
(d) SO2
Answer
Answer: (b) CO2
Explanation:
The steric number of central atom of a linear molecule is two. It has two bonded atoms and zero lone pair. All the molecules have two bonded atoms. Thus, we need to work out the number of lone pairs.
In ClO2, the central atom Cl has 7 valence electrons. Four are used up to form 4 bonds with O atoms. Three are non-bonding electrons. Thus, along with an odd electron, it has a lone pair.
In CO2, the central C atom has 4 valence electrons. All are used up to form four bonds with O atoms. Thus, it has zero lone pair.
In NO2, the central N atom has 5 valence electrons. Four are used up to form bonds with oxygen atoms. Thus, one electron is left as an odd electron.
In SO2, the central S atom has 6 valence electrons. Four are used up to form bonds with oxygen atoms. Two nonbonding electrons form one lone pair.
Q.6. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a) The formation of ionic compounds depend upon the ease of formation of the positive and negative ions from the respective neutral atoms.
(b) Formation of ionic compounds depend upon arrangement of the positive and negative ions in the solid.
(c) Formation of positive ion involves addition of electron(s) while that of negative ion involves removal of electron(s).
(d) None of these
Answer
(c) Formation of positive ion involves removal of electron(s) from neutral atom and that of the negative ion involves addition of electron(s) to the neutral atom.Q.7. Based on lattice enthalpy and other considerations which one the following alkali metals chlorides is expected to have the higher melting point?
(a) RbCl
(b) KCl
(c) NaCl
(d) LiCl
Answer
(c) NaClExplanation:
The highest melting point will be NaCl, it is because, the lattice energy decreases as the size of alkali metal increases so going down the group the melting point decreases, but due to the covalent bonding in LiCl, its melting point is lower than NaCl and so NaCl is expected to have maximum melting point in the alkali chlorides.
Q.8. The number of nodal planes present in s × s antibonding orbitals is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 0
(d) 3
Answer
(a) 1Explanation:
In an antibonding molecular orbital, most of the electron density is located away from the space between the nuclei, as a result of which there is a nodal plane (i.e, a plane at which the electron density is zero) between the nuclei.
Q.9. The correct order of dipole moments of HF, H2S and H2O is
(a) HF < H2S < H2O
(b) HF < H2S < H2O
(c) HF < H2S < H2O
(d) HF < H2O < H2S
Answer
(a)Q.10. The hybrid state of sulphur in SO2 molecule is :
(a) sp²
(b) sp³
(c) sp
(d) sp³d
Answer
(a) sp²Explanation:
The hybridisation of sulphur in SO2 is sp². Sulphur atom has one lone pair of electrons and two bonding domains. Bond angle is <120° and molecular geometry is V-shape, bent or angular
Q.11. The most polar bond is
(a) C – F
(b) C – O
(c) C – Br
(d) C – S
Answer
(a) Because difference between electronegativity of carbon and flourine is highest.Q.12. Which one of the following does not have sp² hybridised carbon?
(a) Acetone
(b) Acetic acid
(c) Acetonitrile
(d) Acetamide
Answer
(c) AcetonitrileExplanation:
Acetonitrile does not contain sp² hybridized carbon.
Q.13. According to Fajan’s rule, covalent bond is favoured by
(a) Large cation and small anion
(b) Large cation and large anion
(c) Small cation and large anion
(d) Small cation and small anion
Answer
(c)Q.14. Which of the following will have the lowest boiling point?
(a) 2-MethylButane
(b) 2-MethylPropane
(c) 2,2-Dimethylpropane
(d) n-Pentane
Answer
(d) n-PentaneExplanation:
Boiling point increases with increase in molecular mass. For the compounds with the same molecular mass, boiling point decreases with an increase in branching.
The molecular mass of 2-Methylbutane: 72 g mol-1
The molecular mass of 2-Methylpropane: 58 g mol-1
The molecular mass of 2, 2-Dimethylpropane: 72 g mol-1
The molecular mass of 2-Methylbutane: 72 g mol-1
2-Methylpropane has the lowest molecular mass among all of the given compounds.
Thus, 2-Methylpropane has the lowest boiling point among the given options.
Q.15. The number of lone pair and bond pair of electrons on the sulphur atom in sulphur dioxide molecule are respectively
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 4 and 1
(c) 3 and 1
(d) 1 and 4
Answer
(d)Q.16. Among the following the maximum covalent character is shown by the compound
(a) MgCl2
(b) FeCl2
(c) SnCl2
(d) AlCl3
Answer
(d) AlCl3Explanation:
We know that, extent of polarisation ∝ covalent character in ionic bond. Fajans rule states that the polarising power of cation increases, with increase in magnitude of positive charge on the cation Therefore, polarising power ∝ charge of cation.
The polarising power of cation increases with the decrease in the size of a cation. Therefore, polarising (power) ∝ (1)/ (size of cation)
Here the AlCl3 is satisfying the above two conditions i.e., Al is in +3 oxidation state and also has small size. So it has more covalent character.
Q.17. Using VSEPR theory, predict the species which has square pyramidal shape
(a) SnCl2
(b) CCl4
(c) SO3
(d) BrF5
Answer
(d)Q.18. Among the following mixtures, dipole-dipole as the major interaction, is present in
(a) benzene and ethanol
(b) acetonitrile and acetone
(c) KCl and water
(d) benzene and carbon tetrachloride
Answer
(b) acetonitrile and acetoneExplanation:
Dipole-dipole interactions occur among the polar molecules. Polar molecules have permanent dipoles. The positive pole of one molecule is thus attracted by the negative pole of the other molecule. The magnitude of dipole-dipole forces in different polar molecules is predicted on the basis of the polarity of the molecules, which in turn depends upon the electro negativities of the atoms present in the molecule and the geometry of the molecule (in case of polyatomic molecules, containing more than two atoms in a molecule).
Q.19. The value of n in the molecular formula BenAl2Si6O18 is
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 7
(d) 9
Answer
(a) 3Explanation:
BenAl2Si6O18
The oxidation states of each element
Be = +2
Al = +3
Si = +4
O = -2
(2n) + (3 × 2) + (4 + 6) + (−2 × 18) = 0
or 2n + 30 − 36 = 0
or 2n = 6
or n = 3
Q.20. Which of the following types of hybridisation leads to three dimensional geometry of bonds around the carbon atom?
(a) sp
(b) sp²
(c) sp³
(d) None of these
Answer
(b) sp²Explanation:
sp² hybrid structures have trigonal planar geometry, which is two dimensional.
Q.21. Which of the following statements is not correct ?
(a) Double bond is shorter than a single bond
(b) Sigma bond is weaker than a pi bond
(c) Double bond is stronger than a single bond
(d) Covalent bond is stronger than hydrogen bond
Answer
(b)Q.22. An atom of an element A has three electrons in its outermost orbit and that of B has six electrons in its outermost orbit. The formula of the compound between these two will be
(a) A3B6
(b) A2B3
(c) A3B2
(d) A2B
Answer
(b) A2B3Explanation:
A has 3 electrons in outermost orbit and B has 6 electrons in its outermost orbits. So A can give three electrons to complete its octet and B needs 2 electrons to complete its octet. So 2 atoms of A will release 6 electrons and 3 atoms of B will need six electrons to complete their octet
So, the formula will be A2B3
Q.23. The maximum number of hydrogen bonds that a molecule of water can have is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer
(d) 4Explanation:
Each water molecule can form a maximum of four hydrogen bonds with neighboring water molecules. The two hydrogens of the water molecule can form hydrogen bonds with other oxygens in ice, and the two lone pair of electrons on oxygen of the water molecule can attract other hydrogens in ice. Hence, 4 possible hydrogen bonds.
Q.24. The bond length between hybridised carbon atom and other carbon atom is minimum in
(a) Propane
(b) Butane
(c) Propene
(d) Propyne
Answer
(d) PropyneExplanation:
The C – C bond length = 1.54 Å, C = C bond length = 1.34 Å and C ≡ C bond length = 1.20 Å.
Since propyne has a triple bond, therefore it has minimum bond length.
Q.25. The number of types of bonds between two carbon atoms in calcium carbide is
(a) Two sigma, two pi
(b) One sigma, two pi
(c) One sigma, one pi
(d) Two sigma, one pi
Answer
(b) One sigma, two piExplanation:
A single bond between two atoms is always considered as sigma bond.
A double bond between two atoms is always considered as one sigma and one pi bond
A triple bond between two atoms is always considered as one sigma bond and two pi bonds.
So according to the given structure CaC2 (Calcium carbide) has 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds
Q.26. Dipole-induced dipole interactions are present in which of the following pairs?
(a) H2O and alcohol
(b) Cl2 and CCl4
(c) HCl and He atoms
(d) SiF4 and He atoms
Answer
(c) HCl and He atomsExplanation:
HCl is polar (μ ≠ 0) and He is non-polar (μ = 0) gives dipole-induced dipole interaction.
Q.27. Among the following mixtures, dipole-dipole as the major interaction, is present in
(a) benzene and ethanol
(b) acetonitrile and acetone
(c) KCl and water
(d) benzene and carbon tetrachloride
Answer
(b) acetonitrile and acetoneExplanation:
Dipole-dipole interactions occur among the polar molecules. Polar molecules have permanent dipoles. The positive pole of one molecule is thus attracted by the negative pole of the other molecule. The magnitude of dipole-dipole forces in different polar molecules is predicted on the basis of the polarity of the molecules, which in turn depends upon the electro negativities of the atoms present in the molecule and the geometry of the molecule (in case of polyatomic molecules, containing more than two atoms in a molecule).
Q.28. The structure of IF7 is
(a) Pentagonal bipyramid
(b) Square pyramid
(c) Trigonal bipyramid
(d) Octahedral
Answer
(a)Q.29. The charge/size ratio of a cation determines its polarizing power. Which one of the following sequences represents the increasing order of the polarizing order of the polarizing power of the cationic species, K+, Ca++, Mg2+, Be2+?
(a) Ca2+ < Mg2+ < Be+ < K+
(b) Mg2+ < Be2+ < K+ < Ca2+
(c) Be2+ < K+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+
(d) K+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < Be2+
Answer
(d) K+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < Be2+Explanation:
High charge and small size of the cations increases polarisation.
As the size of the given cations decreases as
K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Be2+
Hence, polarising power decreases as K+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < Be2+
Q.30. The species having pyramidal shape is
(a) SO3
(b) BrF3
(c) SiO32-
(d) OSF2
Answer
Answer: (d) OSF2
Explanation:
The species having a pyramidal shape according to VSEPR theory is OSF2. The central S atom has 3 bonding domains (one S = O double bond and two S−F single bonds) and one lone pair of electrons.