Charging by Rubbing
The simplest way to charge certain bodies is to rub them against each other. When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth, the glass rod acquires some positive charge and the silk cloth acquires negative charge by the same amount. The explanation of appearance of electric charge on rubbing is simple. All material bodies contain large number of electrons and equal number of protons in their normal state. When rubbed against each other, some electrons from one body pass onto the other body. The body that donates the electrons becomes positively charged while that which receives the electrons becomes negatively charged.
For example, when glass rod is rubbed with silk cloth, glass rod becomes positively charged because it donates the electrons while the silk cloth becomes negatively charged because it receives electrons. Electricity so obtained by rubbing two objects is also known as frictional electricity. The other places where the frictional electricity can be observed are when amber is rubbed with wool or a comb is passed through a dry hair. Clouds also become charged by friction.
-
COULOMB’S LAW
COULOMB’S LAW: Two point electric charges q1 and q2 at rest, separated by a distance r exert a force on each other whose magnitude is given by If between the two charges there is free space then Where ε0 is the absolute electric permittivity of the free space and ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2…
-
If we comb our hair on a dry day and bring the comb near small pieces of paper, the comb attracts the pieces, why?
If we comb our hair on a dry day and bring the comb near small pieces of paper, the comb attracts the pieces, why? Answer: This is an example of frictional electricity and induction. When we comb our hair, it gets positively charged by rubbing. When the comb is brought near the pieces of paper…
-
Can two similarly charged bodies attract each other?
Yes, when the charge on one body Q is much greater than that on the other q and they are close enough to each other so that force of attraction between Q and induced charge on the other exceeds the force of repulsion between Q and q. However, two similar point charges can never attract…
-
Charging of Insulators
Charging of Insulators Since charge cannot flow through insulators, neither conduction nor induction can be used to charge, insulators, so in order to charge an insulator friction is used. Whenever an insulator is rubbed against a body exchange of electrons takes place between the two. This results in appearance of equal and opposite charges on…
-
Charging by Contact
Charging by Contact When a negatively charged ebonite rod is rubbed on a metal object, such as a sphere, some of the excess electrons from the rod are transferred to the sphere. Once the electrons are on the metal sphere, where they can move readily, they repel one another and spread out over the sphere’s…