Physics VSQs for Class 11 with Answers Chapter 11 Thermal Properties of Matter

Q.1. What do you mean by triple point ?

Answer

Answer: It is a particular point in the phase diagram, representing a particular pressure and temperature at which a substance can coexist in all three phases in solid, liquid and gas.

Q.2. Why the triple point of water is considered as a standard fixed point in thermometry?

Answer

Answer: Triple point of water is fixed and occurs only for particular values of pressure = 0.46 cm of Hg and temperature = –273.16 K.

Q.3. What is the specific heat of a gas in an isothermal process?

Answer

Answer:

Q.4. What is the specific heat of gas in an adiabatic process?

Answer

Answer: For adiabatic process, Q = 0 ⇒ C = 0.

Q.5. Two rods A and B are of equal lengths. Each rod has the ends at temperatures T1 and T2. What is the condition that will ensure equal rates of flow of heat through the rods A and B?

Answer

Answer:

Q.6. What is the thermal conductivity of a perfect heat conductor and a perfect heat insulator?

Answer

Answer: For perfect heat conductor, thermal conductivity is infinity whereas for perfect insulators, thermal conductivity is zero.

Q.7. The temperature of a black body is increased from 200 K to 400 K. How will the ratio of emission of energy change?

Answer

Answer: By Stefan’s law, E α T^4 Here, temperature becomes double. Therefore, E will increase 2^4 or 16 times.

Q.8. Three stars appear as green, red and blue in colour. Which has maximum temperature?

Answer

Answer:

Q.9. Why a clinical thermometer should not be sterilized by boiling?

Answer

Answer: The range of clinical thermometer is usually from 95° F to 110° F and the boiling point of water is 212°F. So on sterilization by boiling, the capillary of thermometer will burst due to thermal expansion of mercury in the capillary.

Q.10. Explain why a beaker filled with water at 4°C overflows if the temperature is decreased or increased?

Answer

Answer: It is because of the anomalous expansion of water. Water has a maximum density at 4°C. Therefore, water expands whether it is heated above 4°C or cooled below 4°C.

Q.11. Two identical rectangular strips of copper, and the other of steel are riveted to form a bimetallic strip. What will happen on heating?

Answer

Answer: Since α for copper is more than α for steel, hence on heating, the bi-metallic strip will bend in such a way that the copper strip remains on outer or convex side.

Q.12. Why must telephone or power lines necessarily sag a little?

Answer

Answer: The sag is allowed for contraction in winter. If no sag is allowed, the wire may snap in extremely cold weather.

Q.13. Which object will cool faster when kept in open air, the one at 300°C or the one at 100°C Why?

Answer

Answer: The object at 300°C will cool faster than the object at 100°C. This is in accordance with Newton’s law of cooling, Rate cooling of an object α Temperature between the object and its surroundings

Q.14. Why a body with large reflectivity is a poor emitter?

Answer

Answer: A body whose reflectivity is large would naturally absorb less heat. So, a body with large reflectivity is a poor emitter.

Q.15. Can the temperature of a body be negative on the Kelvin scale?

Answer

Answer: No. This is because the absolute zero on the Kelvin scale is the minimum possible temperature.

Q.16. The earth without its atmosphere would be inhospitably cold. Explain.

Answer

Answer: The atmosphere serves purpose of a blanket over the earth and it does not allow earth’s heat to be radiated during night.

Q.17. Heating systems based on circulation of steam are more efficient in warming a building than those based on circulation of hot water.

Answer

Answer: This is due to fact that steam contains more heat in the form of latent heat (540 calories/gram) than water.

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