NEET DPP Biology Ch-23 Reproduction in Organism

Q.1. Which one of the following is not a method of vegetative propagation?
(a) Budding
(b) Layering
(c) Sowing
(d) Tissue culture

Answer

(c)

Q.2. A population of genetically identical individuals, obtained from asexual reproduction is
(a) Callus
(b) Clone
(c) Deme
(d) Aggregate

Answer

(b) Cloning is a technique by which genetically same individuals can be produced without including any sexual reproduction eg. Dolly sheep.

Q.3. Natural parthenogenesis occurs in:
(a) Protozoans
(b) Earthworm
(c) All insects
(d) Honeybee

Answer

(d)

Q.4. Retention of larval characters even after sexual maturity is called
(a) Parthenogenesis
(b) Ontogenesis
(c) Paedogenesis
(d) Neoteny

Answer

(d)

Q.5. Asexual reproduction is an effective strategy in stable environments because
(a) gametogenesis is most efficient under these conditions.
(b) the offspring, genetically identical to their parents, are preadapted to the environment.
(c) asexual parthenogenesis produces a large amount of genetic diversity.
(d) animal cells tend to be more totipotent under stable conditions.

Answer

(b) The parents that have survived to reproduce asexually are able to survive in the current stable environment. Therefore, the offspring should be preadapted for this stable environment.

Q.6. If you compared the genetic makeup of an animal produced by parthenogenesis with that of its mother, which of the following would you expect?
(a) About 100 percent genetic similarity
(b) About 50 percent genetic similarity
(c) No genetic similarity
(d) Parthenogenetic animals have no mother

Answer

(a) Species that exhibit parthenogenesis develop from unfertilized eggs produced by the mother. Therefore, the genetic make-up should be 100 percent the same as the mother. environment.

Q.7. Which of the following statements about animals that utilize external fertilization is false?
(a) They are divided equally between terrestrial and aquatic species.
(b) Many produce large numbers of gametes to ensure successful reproduction.
(c) The behaviours associated with mating are often highly synchronized.
(d) The probability of any one egg being fertilized and developing into an adult can be low.

Answer

(a) Since external fertilization can only take place in an aquatic habitat, there are no terrestrial animals that use it.

Q.8. Which of the following statements about animal reproduction is false ?
(a) Species that reproduce sexually cannot also reproduce asexually.
(b) Viviparity, but not ovoviviparity, is common in mammals.
(c) Male insects can remove spermatophores deposited in a female by other males.
(d) Oogenesis and spermatogenesis both occur in simultaneous hermaphrodites.

Answer

(a) Many animals reproduce both by asexual and sexual means.

Q.9. Which of the following animals qualifies as a sexually reproducing, oviparous species ?
(a) Human
(b) Chicken
(c) Kangaroo
(d) Sea star

Answer

(b) All these animals can reproduce sexually. However, only the chicken lays an external egg.

Q.10. Benefits of asexual reproduction include all of the following except
(a) it often allows for the production of many more offspring at the same time
(b) it is advantageous in changing environments in which population variety is the key to successful propagation of a species
(c) it is easier in certain environments to have offspring without searching for a mate
(d) allowing the conservation of resources otherwise allocated to finding mates and performing ritualized courtship.

Answer

(b) All of these statements concerning asexual reproduction are correct, except that asexual reproduction is best in favorable, stable environments, ones that don’t change rapidly. The reason for this is that asexual reproduction, in contrast to its sexual counterpart, results in the formation of identical offspring. Although asexual organisms can often produce many more offspring in a single reproductive event than sexual organisms, these asexually produced young do not usually have the genetic variation caused by meiosis and crossingover to be able to survive a rapidly changing environment or times of environmental stress.

Q.11. All the ‘eyes’ of a potato tuber are taken out and it is sown in the ground normally. New plants will
(a) Not emerge
(b) Emerge normally
(c) Be weaker
(d) Be healthier

Answer

(a) Buds in ‘eyes’ form new plants.

Q.12. Basal half of an onion bulb is removed and upper half is sown in the ground. New plant will
(a) Emerge normally
(b) Not emerge
(c) Be without leaves
(d) Be without flowers

Answer

(b) Bud giving rise to new plant is present towards base.

Q.13. A small portion of cane-sugar stem between the two successive nodes is cut off and sown in the soil normally. New plants will
(a) Be formed normally
(b) Not be formed
(c) Be without juice
(d) Without nodes

Answer

(b) New plants in cane-sugar are formed from nodes which are absent.

Q.14. A cutting of rose plant is thoroughly waxed and planted in the soil normally, It will form
(a) New rose plant
(b) A dead piece of rose stem after some time
(c) A rose plant of improved variety
(d) None of these

Answer

(b) Water absorption & gaseous exchange stop due to presence of wax

Q.15. When an ovary develops into a fruit, without fertilization, it is called
(a) apospory
(b) apogamy
(c) parthenocarpy
(d) porogamy

Answer

(c) Parthenocarpy is the development of a fruit without the formation of seeds as a result of lack of pollination, lack of fertilization and lack of development. This condition can be artificially induced by application of hormones.

Q.16. Asexual reproduction is the best strategy for plants
(a) that are well adapted to their stable environment.
(b) as winter approaches
(c) when new genes must be introduced
(d) that have underground stems.

Answer

(a)

Q.17. Bamboo reproduces by
(a) rhizomes
(b) tubers
(c) corms
(d) stolons

Answer

(a)

Q.18. Grafting is an example of asexual reproduction. Which of the following choices is an example of asexual reproduction involving nonvegetative parts of a plant ?
(a) Apomixis
(b) Production of corms
(c) Production of bulbs
(d) Production of rhizomes

Answer

(a)

Q.19. What is necessary for successful grafting to occur ?
(a) Each section must be able to form roots.
(b) The grafted section must be able to form seeds.
(c) Fusion of the two vascular tissues must occur.
(d) Fusion of the two cambial tissues must occur.

Answer

(d)

Q.20. Banana fruits are seedless, because
(a) auxins are sprayed for rapid development of fruit.
(b) vegetative propagation of plant.
(c) they are triploid plants.
(d) fruits are artificially ripened.

Answer

(c) Most of banana varieties are triploid and triploidy is associated with seedlessness.

Q.21. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
(i) The genetic constitution of a plant is unaffected in vegetative propagation.
(ii) Rhizome in ginger serves as an organ of vegetative reproduction.
(iii) Totipotency of cells enables us to micropropagate plants.
(a) Statements (i) and (ii) alone are true
(a) Statements (ii) and (iii) alone are true
(c) Statement (ii) alone is true
(d) All the three statements (i), (ii) and (iii) are true

Answer

(d)

Q.22. Plants identical to mother plants can be obtained from
(a) seeds
(b) stem cutting
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Answer

(b)

Q.23. Ploidy of ovary, anther, egg, pollen, male gamete and zygote are respectively-
(a) 2n, 2n, n, 2n, n, 2n
(b) 2n, 2n, n, n, n, 2n
(c) 2n, n, n, n, n, n
(d) 2n, 2n, n, 2n, 2n, 2n

Answer

(b)

Q.24. Offsprings of oviparous animals are at greater risk as compared to offsprings of viviparous animals because-
(a) Proper embryonic care and protection is lesser
(b) Embryo is not developed
(c) Progenies are with more variation
(d) Progenies are larger

Answer

(a)

Q.25. The parameter(s) of senescence or old age is/are-
(a) End of the reproductive phase
(b) Concomitant change in body (like slowing metabolism)
(c) Failure of metabolism decreases
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer

(d)

Q.26. The terms homothallic and monoecious are used to denote
(a) bisexual condition
(b) unisexual condition
(c) staminate flowers
(d) pistillate flowers

Answer

(a) Homothallic and monoecious are terms used to denote bisexual condition. The example indudes fungi and plants. Heterothallic and dioecious are terms used to denote unisexual condition.

Q.27. During regeneration, modification of an organ to other organ is known as
(a) Morphogenesis
(b) Epimorphosis
(c) Morphallaxis
(d) Accretionary growth

Answer

(b) Morphallaxis is a mechanism of regeneration involving reorganization of body cells. In epimorphosis, new cells proliferate from the surface of the wound to form the missing structure. In accretionary growth some specialized cells retain the ability to divide and produce new cells to replace the worn-out.

Q.28. Cells become variable in morphology and function in different regions of the embryo. The process is
(a) differentiation
(b) metamorphosis
(c) organisation
(d) rearrangement

Answer

(a) Cells become variable in shape, size & getting their specialization for the formation of particular tissue or organ in future foetus. They place themselves at some specific regions in embryo for further organogeny.

Q.29. Earthworms, sponges, tapeworms are
(a) bisexual animals
(b) unisexual animals
(c) hermaphrodites
(d) Both (a) and (c)

Answer

(d) Earthworm, sponges, tapeworms are bisexual animals and hermaphrodites as they prossess both male and female reproductive organs.

Q.30. The site of origin of the new plantlets in potato, dahlia, ginger and banana is-
(a) Floral buds present on stem
(b) Internodes of modified stem
(c) Nodes of modified stem
(d) Adventitious buds present on root

Answer

(c)

Q.31. Among the following which one is not a method of vegetative propagation?
(a) Budding
(b) Layering
(c) Sowing
(d) Tissue culture

Answer

(c) Sowing is related with sexual reproduction.

Q.32. Vegetative propagation in mint occurs by:
(a) offset
(b) rhizome
(c) sucker
(d) runner

Answer

(c) Vegetative propagation in mint occurs through sucker. Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction for plants, and is also called vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication, or vegetative cloning. It is a process by which new plant “individuals” arise or are obtained without production of seeds or spores. It is a natural process in many plant species (as well as non-plant organisms such as bacteria and fungi) and used or encouraged by horticulturists to obtain quantities of economically valuable plants. A related technique used in cultivation is tissue culture, which involves vegetative reproduction under sterile conditions.

Q.33. What is common between vegetative reproduction and apomixis?
(a) Both are applicable to only dicot plants
(b) Both bypass the flowering phase
(c) Both occur round the year
(d) Both produces progeny identical to the parent

Answer

(d) Vegetative reproduction and apomixis, both are asexual methods of reproduction, which gives the progeny genetically similar to parent.

Q.34. Individuals of a clone-
(a) Are genetically similar but morphologically different
(b) Are morphologically similar but genetically different
(c) Are morphologically and genetically similar
(d) Are genetically and phenotypically different

Answer

(c)

Q.35. Some organisms are capable of asexual or sexual reproduction. Under favourable conditions, reproduction proceeds asexually. When conditions become more stressful reproduction switchess to a sexual mode. Why?
(a) Sexual reproduction is simple and more rapid allowing larger numbers of offspring to be produced
(b) Sexual reproduction requires two separate individuals, who can mutually provide nutrient support during stress
(c) Sexual reproduction produces individuals with new combinations of recombined chromosomes increasing diversity
(d) Asexual reproduction requires more energy

Answer

(c)

Q.36. Apomixis in plant means development of a plant
(a) from root cuttings
(b) without fusion of gametes
(c) from fusion of gametes
(d) from cuttings of stem

Answer

(b)

Q.37. Which of the following is not vegetative propagule ?
(a) Rhizome and sucker
(b) Tuber and offset
(c) Bulbil (e.g. in Agave), leaf buds and bulb
(d) Antherozoid

Answer

(d)

Q.38. Which of the following is false about external fertilization?
(a) Organisms showing external fertilization exhibit great synchrony between the sexes and release gametes.
(b) Gametes are produced in large number in water to enhance the chances of fertilization.
(c) A large number of gametes are wasted.
(d) A major advantage is that the offspring are protected from predators and there is a great chance of their survival upto adulthood.

Answer

(d)

Q.39. Modified stem present in Gladiolus is:
(a) bulb
(b) rhizome
(c) corm
(d) bulbil

Answer

(c)

Q.40. Which of the following are seasonal breeders?
(a) Frogs
(b) Birds
(c) Lizards
(d) All of these

Answer

(d)

Q.41. Select the wrong statement:
(a) Anisogametes differ either in structure, function or behaviour.
(b) In oomycetes female gamete is smaller and motile, while male gamete is larger and non-motile.
(c) Chalmydomonas exhibits both isogamy and anisogamy and Fucus shows oogamy.
(d) Isogametes are similar in structure, function and behaviour.

Answer

(b) In oomycetes female gamete is large and non motile while male gamete is small & motile.

Q.42. Monoecious plant of Chara shows occurrence of :
(a) stamen and carpel of the same plant
(b) upper antheridium and lower oogonium on the same plant
(c) upper oogonium and lower antheridium on the same plant
(d) antheridiophore and archegoniophore on the same plant

Answer

(c) Male sex organ is called antheridium or globule while female sex organ is called oogonium. They develop on the same branchlet in the same plant in chara.

Q.43. Which of the following statement(s) is/are false about internal fertilization?
(i) Male gametes are motile.
(ii) Male gametes are non-motile.
(iii) Male gametes are produced in large number.
(iv) Male gametes are produced in small number.
(v) There is a significant reduction in the number of eggs produced.
(a) (i), (iii) and (v)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) Only (v)

Answer

(c)

Q.44. Syngamy can occur outside the body of the organism in
(a) Fungi
(b) Mosses
(c) Algae
(d) Ferns

Answer

(c) In most aquatic organisms, such as a majority of algae and fishes as well as amphibians, syngamy occurs in the external medium (water), i.e., outside the body of the organism. This type of gametic fusion is called external fertilisation.

Q.45. Select the correct sequence from the following.
(i) Juvenile phase → Senescent phase → Reproductive phase
(ii) Juvenile phase → Reproductive phase → Senescent phase
(iii) Reproductive phase → Juvenile phase → Senescent phase
(iv) Vegetative phase → Reproductive phase → Senescent phase
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer

(d)

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